/* ==========================================================================
   picoGIGA Lab — stylesheet (one typeface: Pretendard)
   ========================================================================== */

:root {
  --ink: #0b1220;
  --ink-2: #141c2e;
  --ink-3: #1f2a40;
  --paper: #fbfaf7;
  --paper-2: #f2f0ea;
  --card: #ffffff;
  --line: #e3e0d8;
  --line-dark: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  --text: #121826;
  --body: #2b3342;
  --muted: #4f5767;
  --muted-dark: #a3acbd;
  --pico: #7c6cf6;
  --nano: #4a86e8;
  --giga: #16a37f;
  --accent: #0e7d65;
  --grad: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--pico), var(--nano) 45%, var(--giga));

  --font: "Pretendard Variable", Pretendard, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", system-ui, sans-serif;

  --wrap: 1180px;
  --gutter: clamp(16px, 4vw, 40px);
  --radius: 14px;
  --header-h: 68px;
  --shadow-lg: 0 2px 4px rgba(11, 18, 32, 0.04), 0 24px 48px -20px rgba(11, 18, 32, 0.25);
  --ease: cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.2, 1);
}

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: calc(var(--header-h) + 24px); }
body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: var(--font);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  word-break: keep-all;
}
img, video { max-width: 100%; display: block; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
p { margin: 0 0 1em; }
h1, h2, h3, h4 { margin: 0; line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: -0.025em; font-weight: 700; }
button { font: inherit; color: inherit; }
::selection { background: #cdeee3; }
:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--nano); outline-offset: 3px; border-radius: 4px; }

.wrap { width: 100%; max-width: var(--wrap); margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 var(--gutter); }
.sr-only { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); white-space: nowrap; }

/* ---------- Type ---------- */
.eyebrow { font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 12px; }
.section-title { font-size: clamp(30px, 3.6vw, 42px); font-weight: 750; letter-spacing: -0.035em; line-height: 1.15; }
.lede { font-size: clamp(17px, 1.5vw, 19px); color: var(--muted); max-width: 56ch; line-height: 1.65; }

/* ---------- Header ---------- */
.site-header {
  position: fixed; inset: 0 0 auto 0; z-index: 50;
  height: var(--header-h);
  transition: background-color .3s var(--ease), border-color .3s var(--ease), color .3s var(--ease);
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  color: var(--text);
}
.site-header .wrap { height: 100%; display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 24px; }
body.has-hero .site-header:not(.scrolled) { color: #fff; }
.site-header.scrolled, body:not(.has-hero) .site-header {
  background: rgba(251, 250, 247, 0.85);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(1.6) blur(14px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(1.6) blur(14px);
  border-bottom-color: var(--line);
}

.brand { display: inline-flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 2px; line-height: 1; white-space: nowrap; }
.brand .pico { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 500; opacity: 0.85; }
.brand .giga { font-weight: 800; font-size: 22px; letter-spacing: -0.035em; }
.brand .lab { font-size: 16px; font-weight: 500; margin-left: 6px; opacity: 0.75; }

.nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 4px; }
.nav a { position: relative; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 500; padding: 8px 14px; border-radius: 999px; opacity: 0.85; transition: opacity .2s, background-color .2s; }
.nav a:hover { opacity: 1; background: rgba(127, 127, 127, 0.1); }
.nav a[aria-current="page"] { opacity: 1; font-weight: 650; }
.nav a[aria-current="page"]::after { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 14px; right: 14px; bottom: 3px; height: 2px; border-radius: 2px; background: var(--grad); }
.nav .nav-cta { margin-left: 8px; border: 1px solid currentColor; opacity: 1; }

.menu-btn { display: none; background: none; border: 0; width: 44px; height: 44px; margin-right: -10px; cursor: pointer; border-radius: 10px; }
.menu-btn span { display: block; width: 20px; height: 1.6px; background: currentColor; margin: 5px auto; transition: transform .3s var(--ease), opacity .2s; }
.menu-open .menu-btn span:nth-child(1) { transform: translateY(6.6px) rotate(45deg); }
.menu-open .menu-btn span:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
.menu-open .menu-btn span:nth-child(3) { transform: translateY(-6.6px) rotate(-45deg); }

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .menu-btn { display: block; }
  .nav {
    position: fixed; inset: var(--header-h) 0 auto 0;
    flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; gap: 0;
    padding: 12px var(--gutter) 24px;
    background: var(--paper); color: var(--text);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    transform: translateY(-8px); opacity: 0; pointer-events: none;
    transition: transform .3s var(--ease), opacity .25s;
  }
  .menu-open .nav { transform: none; opacity: 1; pointer-events: auto; }
  .nav a { padding: 14px 4px; font-size: 17px; border-radius: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); opacity: 1; }
  .nav a[aria-current="page"]::after { left: 4px; right: auto; width: 24px; bottom: 8px; }
  .nav .nav-cta { margin: 16px 0 0; border: 0; background: var(--ink); color: #fff; border-radius: 999px; text-align: center; }
  .menu-open .site-header { background: var(--paper); color: var(--text); border-bottom-color: var(--line); }
}

/* ---------- Buttons ---------- */
.btn { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; padding: 13px 22px; border-radius: 999px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; border: 1px solid transparent; transition: background-color .2s, border-color .2s; cursor: pointer; }
.btn svg { width: 16px; height: 16px; transition: transform .25s var(--ease); }
.btn:hover svg { transform: translateX(3px); }
.btn-light { background: #fff; color: var(--ink); }
.btn-light:hover { background: #e9fbf4; }
.btn-ghost-light { color: #fff; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35); }
.btn-ghost-light:hover { border-color: #fff; }
.link-arrow { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; font-weight: 600; font-size: 16px; color: var(--text); }
.link-arrow svg { width: 15px; height: 15px; transition: transform .25s var(--ease); }
.link-arrow:hover svg { transform: translateX(4px); }
.link-arrow:hover { color: var(--accent); }

/* ---------- Hero ---------- */
.hero {
  position: relative; overflow: hidden; color: #fff;
  background: radial-gradient(900px 600px at 85% 30%, #17264a 0%, transparent 60%), radial-gradient(800px 500px at 0% 100%, #0f2a2a 0%, transparent 55%), var(--ink);
  padding-top: var(--header-h);
}
.hero-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: clamp(24px, 4vw, 64px); align-items: center; padding-top: clamp(32px, 6vh, 72px); padding-bottom: clamp(40px, 6vh, 72px); }
@media (max-width: 900px) { .hero-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.hero .eyebrow { color: #8fe3c7; }
.hero h1 { font-size: clamp(42px, 6vw, 80px); font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: -0.045em; line-height: 1.05; }
.hero h1 .pico-word { font-weight: 400; font-size: 0.5em; letter-spacing: -0.01em; color: #b8b0ff; vertical-align: 0.4em; }
.hero h1 .giga-word { background: linear-gradient(90deg, #7fd1ff, #5ff0bd); -webkit-background-clip: text; background-clip: text; color: transparent; }
.hero .lede { color: #c3cbd9; margin-top: 24px; }
.hero-actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin-top: 32px; }

/* Powers-of-ten zoom */
.zoom { position: relative; aspect-ratio: 1 / 1; width: 100%; max-width: 560px; justify-self: end; border-radius: 24px; overflow: hidden;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at 50% 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04), transparent 70%); border: 1px solid var(--line-dark); }
@media (max-width: 900px) { .zoom { justify-self: stretch; max-width: none; } }
.zoom canvas, .zoom video { position: absolute; inset: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.zoom video { opacity: 0; transition: opacity .6s; }
.zoom.has-video video { opacity: 1; }
.zoom.has-video canvas, .zoom.has-video .zoom-label, .zoom.has-video .zoom-dots { display: none; }
.zoom-label { position: absolute; left: 20px; right: 20px; bottom: 18px; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: flex-end; gap: 12px; pointer-events: none; }
.zoom-label .name { font-size: 18px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.02em; }
.zoom-label .tools { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted-dark); margin-top: 2px; }
.zoom-label .size { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted-dark); white-space: nowrap; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.zoom-dots { position: absolute; top: 18px; left: 20px; display: flex; gap: 6px; }
.zoom-dots i { width: 18px; height: 3px; border-radius: 2px; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18); transition: background .4s; }
.zoom-dots i.on { background: #8fe3c7; }

.hero-meta { position: relative; border-top: 1px solid var(--line-dark); }
.hero-meta .wrap { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
.hero-meta .stat { padding: 20px 0 24px 22px; border-left: 1px solid var(--line-dark); }
.hero-meta .stat:first-child { border-left: 0; padding-left: 0; }
.hero-meta .num { font-size: clamp(26px, 3vw, 36px); font-weight: 750; line-height: 1.1; letter-spacing: -0.03em; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.hero-meta .lbl { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted-dark); margin-top: 4px; }
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .hero-meta .wrap { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .hero-meta .stat:nth-child(3) { border-left: 0; padding-left: 0; }
  .hero-meta .stat:nth-child(n+3) { border-top: 1px solid var(--line-dark); }
}

/* ---------- Sections ---------- */
.section { padding: clamp(64px, 9vw, 112px) 0; }
.section-alt { background: var(--paper-2); }
.section-dark { background: var(--ink); color: #fff; }
.section-dark .lede { color: var(--muted-dark); }
.section-dark .eyebrow { color: #8fe3c7; }
.section-head { display: flex; align-items: end; justify-content: space-between; gap: 24px; margin-bottom: clamp(28px, 4vw, 44px); flex-wrap: wrap; }

/* ---------- Research cards ---------- */
.area-groups { display: grid; gap: 36px; }
.area-group-label { font-size: 15px; font-weight: 700; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 14px; }
.cards { display: grid; gap: 16px; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(250px, 1fr)); }
.card {
  position: relative; display: flex; flex-direction: column;
  background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 24px; transition: transform .3s var(--ease), box-shadow .3s var(--ease), border-color .3s;
}
a.card:hover { transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); border-color: transparent; }
.card .icon { width: 44px; height: 44px; border-radius: 12px; display: grid; place-items: center; margin-bottom: 18px; background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--c, var(--accent)) 12%, white); color: var(--c, var(--accent)); }
.card .icon svg { width: 25px; height: 25px; }
.card h3 { font-size: 19px; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.card p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 16px; margin: 0; line-height: 1.55; }

/* ---------- Publications ---------- */
.pub-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.pub { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; gap: 16px; align-items: start; padding: 22px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.pub:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.pub-title { font-size: 17.5px; font-weight: 650; line-height: 1.45; letter-spacing: -0.015em; display: block; }
a.pub-title:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.pub-venue { font-size: 15px; color: var(--body); margin-top: 4px; }
.pub-venue i { font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; }
.pub-authors { font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 4px; line-height: 1.6; }
.pub-authors b { color: var(--text); font-weight: 700; }
.pub-authors .corr { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 700; margin-left: 1px; }
.badges { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; margin-top: 10px; }
.badges:empty { display: none; }
.badge { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px; font-size: 13px; font-weight: 600; padding: 3px 10px; border-radius: 999px; line-height: 1.5; background: var(--paper-2); color: var(--body); }
.badge.first { background: #e7f5ef; color: #0b6a55; }
.badge.corr { background: #ecebff; color: #4b3fc2; }
.badge.type { background: transparent; border: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--muted); font-weight: 500; }
.badge.patent { background: #fff3e2; color: #9a5a10; }
.pub-side { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-end; gap: 8px; }
.pub-cites { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); white-space: nowrap; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.pub-link { width: 38px; height: 38px; border-radius: 50%; border: 1px solid var(--line); display: grid; place-items: center; transition: all .2s; color: var(--muted); }
.pub-link svg { width: 15px; height: 15px; }
.pub:hover .pub-link { border-color: var(--text); color: var(--text); }
.pub mark { background: #fff1b8; color: inherit; border-radius: 3px; padding: 0 1px; }

.pub-stats { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px 28px; margin-top: 28px; font-size: 15px; color: var(--muted); align-items: baseline; }
.pub-stats b { color: var(--text); font-size: 22px; font-weight: 750; margin-right: 6px; letter-spacing: -0.02em; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.pub-stats a { text-decoration: underline; text-underline-offset: 3px; }

.toolbar { display: grid; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 24px; }
.toolbar-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; }
.chips { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
.chip { border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--card); border-radius: 999px; padding: 7px 14px; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 500; cursor: pointer; transition: all .2s; display: inline-flex; gap: 8px; align-items: center; }
.chip .count { font-size: 12.5px; color: var(--muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.chip:hover { border-color: var(--text); }
.chip[aria-pressed="true"] { background: var(--ink); color: #fff; border-color: var(--ink); }
.chip[aria-pressed="true"] .count { color: var(--muted-dark); }
.chip.role[aria-pressed="true"] { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); }
.filters-right { display: flex; gap: 10px; flex-wrap: wrap; flex: 1 1 360px; justify-content: flex-end; }
.search { position: relative; flex: 1 1 220px; max-width: 320px; }
.search input, .select { width: 100%; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--card); border-radius: 999px; padding: 10px 16px; font: inherit; font-size: 15px; color: var(--text); outline: none; transition: border-color .2s, box-shadow .2s; }
.search input { padding-left: 42px; }
.search input:focus, .select:focus { border-color: var(--nano); box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(74, 134, 232, 0.12); }
.search svg { position: absolute; left: 15px; top: 50%; width: 17px; height: 17px; transform: translateY(-50%); color: var(--muted); }
.select { width: auto; padding-right: 36px; appearance: none; cursor: pointer;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' fill='none' stroke='%234f5767' stroke-width='2' stroke-linecap='round'%3E%3Cpath d='m6 9 6 6 6-6'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");
  background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: right 12px center; background-size: 16px; }
@media (max-width: 640px) { .filters-right { justify-content: stretch; } .search { max-width: none; } }
.result-note { font-size: 15px; color: var(--muted); margin: 0 0 8px; min-height: 1.5em; }
.year-block + .year-block { margin-top: 44px; }
.year-head { display: flex; align-items: baseline; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 4px; }
.year-head h2 { font-size: 30px; font-weight: 750; letter-spacing: -0.03em; }
.year-head span { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); }
.sync-note { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 40px; }

/* ---------- Page hero ---------- */
.page-hero { padding: calc(var(--header-h) + clamp(48px, 7vw, 88px)) 0 clamp(36px, 5vw, 56px); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.page-hero::before { content: ""; position: absolute; right: -120px; top: -160px; width: 520px; height: 520px; border-radius: 50%; background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(124, 108, 246, 0.14), rgba(22, 163, 127, 0.06) 50%, transparent 70%); pointer-events: none; }
.page-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(40px, 5.6vw, 64px); font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: -0.045em; line-height: 1.08; }
.page-hero .lede { margin-top: 16px; }

/* ---------- Research page ---------- */
.research-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 200px 1fr; gap: clamp(32px, 5vw, 64px); align-items: start; }
.subnav { position: sticky; top: calc(var(--header-h) + 32px); }
.subnav h4 { font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted); font-weight: 600; margin: 0 0 8px; }
.subnav h4:not(:first-child) { margin-top: 22px; }
.subnav a { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; padding: 6px 0; font-size: 15.5px; color: var(--muted); transition: color .2s; }
.subnav a::before { content: ""; width: 6px; height: 6px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--line); transition: background .2s, transform .2s; }
.subnav a:hover { color: var(--text); }
.subnav a.active { color: var(--text); font-weight: 650; }
.subnav a.active::before { background: var(--c, var(--accent)); transform: scale(1.4); }
@media (max-width: 960px) {
  .research-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .subnav { position: sticky; top: var(--header-h); z-index: 10; margin: 0 calc(var(--gutter) * -1); padding: 10px var(--gutter); background: rgba(251, 250, 247, 0.92); backdrop-filter: blur(10px); -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); display: flex; gap: 6px; overflow-x: auto; scrollbar-width: none; }
  .subnav::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; }
  .subnav h4 { display: none; }
  .subnav a { white-space: nowrap; padding: 6px 12px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 999px; font-size: 14px; background: var(--card); }
  .subnav a::before { display: none; }
  .subnav a.active { background: var(--ink); color: #fff; border-color: var(--ink); }
}
.area { padding: 8px 0 64px; }
.area + .area { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-top: 56px; }
.area-head { display: flex; gap: 18px; align-items: center; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.area-head .icon { flex: none; width: 52px; height: 52px; border-radius: 14px; display: grid; place-items: center; background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--c) 12%, white); color: var(--c); }
.area-head .icon svg { width: 28px; height: 28px; }
.area-head h2 { font-size: clamp(26px, 3vw, 34px); }
.area > p, .topic > p { color: var(--body); max-width: 64ch; }
.topic { margin-top: 30px; }
.topic h3 { font-size: 20px; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.tags { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; margin-top: 14px; }
.tags span { font-size: 14.5px; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 8px; padding: 5px 12px; color: var(--body); }
.figure { margin: 22px 0 0; border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--line); }
.figure img { width: 100%; height: auto; }
.figure.missing { display: none; }
.figs { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(240px, 1fr)); gap: 16px; }

.resources { border-radius: 20px; padding: clamp(28px, 4vw, 44px); margin-top: 24px; }
.specs { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(190px, 1fr)); gap: 1px; background: var(--line-dark); border: 1px solid var(--line-dark); border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; margin: 24px 0 0; }
.specs div { background: var(--ink-2); padding: 20px 22px; }
.specs dt { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted-dark); }
.specs dd { margin: 6px 0 0; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.4; color: #dfe4ee; }
.specs dd .big { font-size: 32px; font-weight: 750; letter-spacing: -0.03em; line-height: 1.15; display: block; color: #fff; }
.software { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; margin-top: 18px; }
.software span { border: 1px solid var(--line-dark); border-radius: 999px; padding: 8px 16px; font-size: 15px; color: #e3e7ef; }
.software span i { font-style: normal; font-size: 13px; color: var(--muted-dark); margin-left: 6px; }

/* ---------- People ---------- */
.pi { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 300px 1fr; gap: clamp(28px, 5vw, 64px); align-items: start; }
@media (max-width: 820px) { .pi { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .pi .portrait { max-width: 280px; } }
.portrait { position: relative; aspect-ratio: 4 / 5; border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; background: var(--paper-2); }
.portrait img { position: relative; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.initials { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: grid; place-items: center; font-size: 56px; font-weight: 700; color: #4a5a7c; letter-spacing: -0.02em; background: linear-gradient(140deg, #ebe8ff, #e4eefc 50%, #def3ec); }
.pi h2 { font-size: clamp(30px, 3.6vw, 40px); font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: -0.035em; }
.pi h2 .ko { font-size: 0.55em; color: var(--muted); margin-left: 10px; font-weight: 500; letter-spacing: 0; }
.pi .role { font-size: 17px; margin: 8px 0 16px; color: var(--body); }
.timeline { list-style: none; margin: 26px 0 0; padding: 0; border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.timeline li { position: relative; padding: 0 0 20px 24px; }
.timeline li::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: -5px; top: 8px; width: 9px; height: 9px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--paper); border: 2px solid var(--accent); }
.timeline li:first-child::before { background: var(--accent); }
.timeline .when { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.timeline .what { font-weight: 650; }
.timeline .where { color: var(--muted); font-size: 15.5px; }

.member-group + .member-group { margin-top: 48px; }
.member-group h3 { font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 16px; }
.member-group h3 span { font-weight: 500; color: var(--muted); margin-left: 6px; }
.members { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(230px, 1fr)); gap: 16px; }
.member { background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.member .portrait { border-radius: 0; aspect-ratio: 1 / 1; }
.member .initials { font-size: 44px; }
.member-body { padding: 16px 18px 18px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; flex: 1; }
.member h4 { font-size: 18px; }
.member h4 .ko { font-weight: 500; color: var(--muted); font-size: 15px; margin-left: 6px; }
.member .mrole { font-size: 14px; color: var(--accent); font-weight: 600; margin-top: 2px; }
.member .interests { font-size: 14.5px; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 8px; line-height: 1.55; }
.member .mail { margin-top: auto; padding-top: 12px; font-size: 13.5px; color: var(--muted); display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; word-break: break-all; }
.member .mail:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.member .mail svg { width: 14px; height: 14px; flex: none; }

/* ---------- Gallery / news ---------- */
.gallery { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(270px, 1fr)); gap: 16px; }
.shot { position: relative; border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; background: var(--paper-2); cursor: zoom-in; border: 0; padding: 0; text-align: left; display: block; width: 100%; }
.shot .ph { aspect-ratio: 4 / 3; position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.shot img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; transition: transform .6s var(--ease); }
.shot:hover img { transform: scale(1.04); }
.shot figcaption { position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; padding: 40px 16px 14px; color: #fff; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 600; background: linear-gradient(180deg, transparent, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.65)); }
.shot.missing { cursor: default; }
.shot.missing img { display: none; }

.news-grid { columns: 3 290px; column-gap: 16px; }
.news-card { break-inside: avoid; margin-bottom: 16px; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; display: block; width: 100%; padding: 0; text-align: left; cursor: zoom-in; transition: box-shadow .3s var(--ease); }
.news-card:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); }
.news-card .ph { position: relative; overflow: hidden; background: var(--paper-2); }
.news-card img { width: 100%; height: auto; }
.news-card .body { padding: 16px 18px 18px; }
.news-card h3 { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.4; }
.news-card p { font-size: 15px; color: var(--muted); margin: 4px 0 0; }
.news-card.missing { cursor: default; }
.news-card.missing .ph { display: none; }
.news-card.missing .body { border-left: 3px solid; border-image: var(--grad) 1; }

.news-rows { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 16px; }
@media (max-width: 900px) { .news-rows { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.news-row { display: flex; flex-direction: column; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; transition: box-shadow .3s var(--ease), transform .3s var(--ease); }
.news-row:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg); transform: translateY(-2px); }
.news-row .ph { aspect-ratio: 16 / 10; background: var(--paper-2); position: relative; overflow: hidden; }
.news-row .ph img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.news-row .ph .pattern { position: absolute; inset: 0; display: none; }
.news-row.missing .ph .pattern { display: block; }
.news-row .body { padding: 16px 20px 20px; }
.news-row .ny { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); }
.news-row h3 { font-size: 17px; margin-top: 2px; line-height: 1.4; }
.news-row p { font-size: 15px; color: var(--muted); margin: 4px 0 0; }
.pattern { background: radial-gradient(circle at 20% 30%, rgba(124, 108, 246, 0.3), transparent 40%), radial-gradient(circle at 80% 70%, rgba(22, 163, 127, 0.3), transparent 45%), var(--paper-2); }

.lightbox { position: fixed; inset: 0; z-index: 100; background: rgba(6, 10, 18, 0.92); display: none; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 24px; flex-direction: column; gap: 14px; }
.lightbox.open { display: flex; animation: fade .25s var(--ease); }
.lightbox img { max-width: min(1200px, 100%); max-height: 80vh; border-radius: 10px; object-fit: contain; }
.lightbox .cap { color: #dfe4ee; font-size: 16px; text-align: center; max-width: 70ch; }
.lightbox .cap b { color: #fff; display: block; }
.lightbox button { position: absolute; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08); border: 0; color: #fff; width: 48px; height: 48px; border-radius: 50%; cursor: pointer; display: grid; place-items: center; }
.lightbox button:hover { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18); }
.lightbox button svg { width: 20px; height: 20px; }
.lightbox .lb-close { top: 20px; right: 20px; }
.lightbox .lb-prev { left: 20px; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); }
.lightbox .lb-next { right: 20px; top: 50%; transform: translateY(-50%); }
@media (max-width: 640px) { .lightbox .lb-prev, .lightbox .lb-next { top: auto; bottom: 20px; transform: none; } }
@keyframes fade { from { opacity: 0; } to { opacity: 1; } }

/* ---------- CTA ---------- */
.cta .wrap { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 32px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.cta h2 { font-size: clamp(32px, 4.4vw, 52px); font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: -0.04em; }
.cta p { color: var(--muted-dark); margin: 10px 0 0; font-size: 18px; }
.cta .hero-actions { margin-top: 0; }

/* ---------- Contact ---------- */
.contact-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 16px; }
@media (max-width: 760px) { .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.contact-card { background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 26px; }
.contact-card .k { font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--muted); }
.contact-card .v { font-size: 20px; font-weight: 700; margin-top: 8px; line-height: 1.4; letter-spacing: -0.02em; word-break: break-word; }
.contact-card .v a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.contact-card .sub { color: var(--muted); font-size: 15.5px; margin-top: 4px; }
.map { border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; border: 1px solid var(--line); aspect-ratio: 16 / 7; background: var(--paper-2); margin-top: 16px; }
.map iframe { width: 100%; height: 100%; border: 0; display: block; }
@media (max-width: 760px) { .map { aspect-ratio: 4 / 3; } }

/* ---------- Footer ---------- */
.site-footer { background: var(--ink); color: #c6ccd8; padding: 60px 0 32px; font-size: 15px; }
.site-footer .top { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 36px; padding-bottom: 40px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-dark); }
@media (max-width: 760px) { .site-footer .top { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.site-footer .brand { color: #fff; }
.site-footer .about { margin-top: 14px; max-width: 40ch; color: var(--muted-dark); line-height: 1.6; }
.site-footer h5 { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted-dark); font-weight: 600; margin: 0 0 12px; }
.site-footer ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; gap: 8px; }
.site-footer a:hover { color: #fff; }
.site-footer .bottom { padding-top: 22px; font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted-dark); }

/* ---------- Reveal ---------- */
.reveal { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(16px); transition: opacity .7s var(--ease), transform .7s var(--ease); }
.reveal.in { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  .reveal { opacity: 1; transform: none; transition: none; }
  *, *::before, *::after { animation-duration: 0.01ms !important; transition-duration: 0.01ms !important; }
}

/* Publications: Journal / Conference / Patents tabs */
.tabs { display: inline-flex; gap: 4px; padding: 4px; background: var(--paper-2); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 999px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.tab { border: 0; background: transparent; border-radius: 999px; padding: 9px 20px; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--muted); cursor: pointer; display: inline-flex; gap: 8px; align-items: center; transition: background-color .2s, color .2s, box-shadow .2s; }
.tab .count { font-size: 13px; font-weight: 500; color: var(--muted); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.tab:hover { color: var(--text); }
.tab[aria-selected="true"] { background: var(--card); color: var(--text); box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(11, 18, 32, 0.1); }

/* Topic tags on publications */
.topic-tag { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; font-size: 13px; padding: 3px 10px; border-radius: 999px; color: var(--muted); border: 1px dashed var(--line); transition: color .2s, border-color .2s; }
.topic-tag:hover { color: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); }

/* Home: compact paper cards */
.pub-cards { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: 16px; }
@media (max-width: 760px) { .pub-cards { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.pub-card { background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 22px 24px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
.pub-card h3 { font-size: 17px; font-weight: 650; line-height: 1.45; letter-spacing: -0.015em; }
.pub-card h3 a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.pub-card .pub-venue { margin-top: 8px; }
.pub-card .badges { margin-top: auto; padding-top: 12px; }

/* Research: related papers under each area */
.related { margin-top: 32px; padding: 22px 24px; border-radius: var(--radius); background: var(--paper-2); }
.related-head { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; gap: 16px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.related-head h3 { font-size: 16px; }
.related-head .link-arrow { font-size: 15px; }
.related ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.related li { padding: 10px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); display: grid; gap: 2px; }
.related li:first-child { border-top: 0; }
.related li a { font-size: 15.5px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.45; }
.related li a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.related li span { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); }

/* Join us cards */
.link-light { color: #fff; }
.link-light:hover { color: #8fe3c7; }
.join-cards { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 16px; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .join-cards { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.join-card { border: 1px solid var(--line-dark); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 26px; background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.03); transition: background-color .3s, border-color .3s, transform .3s var(--ease); }
.join-card:hover { background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.07); border-color: rgba(143, 227, 199, 0.5); transform: translateY(-2px); }
.join-card .k { font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; color: #8fe3c7; }
.join-card h3 { font-size: 21px; margin: 10px 0 8px; }
.join-card p { color: var(--muted-dark); font-size: 16px; margin: 0; }

/* Join us page */
.positions { display: grid; gap: 16px; }
.position { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 240px 1fr; gap: 24px; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 28px; }
@media (max-width: 760px) { .position { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 10px; } }
.position h2 { font-size: 22px; }
.position .who { font-size: 15px; color: var(--accent); font-weight: 600; margin-top: 6px; }
.position ul { margin: 0; padding-left: 18px; color: var(--body); }
.position li { margin: 4px 0; }
.steps { counter-reset: step; list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 16px; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .steps { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.steps li { counter-increment: step; background: var(--card); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 24px; }
.steps li::before { content: counter(step, decimal-leading-zero); display: block; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 700; color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.steps h3 { font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.steps p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 16px; }
.env { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 16px; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .env { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.env div { border-top: 2px solid var(--text); padding-top: 16px; }
.env h3 { font-size: 18px; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.env p { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: 16px; }

.site-footer .bottom { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; flex-wrap: wrap; }

/* Research: papers + projects side by side */
.related { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 28px; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .related { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.related li b, .proj-list li b { font-size: 15.5px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.45; }
.related em, .proj-list em { font-style: normal; font-weight: 600; }
.related em.pi, .proj-list em.pi { color: #4b3fc2; }
.related em.on, .proj-list em.on { color: var(--accent); }
.proj-group { font-size: 17px; margin: 24px 0 6px; }
.proj-group:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
.proj-group span { font-weight: 500; color: var(--muted); margin-left: 6px; }
.proj-list { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.proj-list li { display: grid; gap: 2px; padding: 12px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.proj-list li span { font-size: 14px; color: var(--muted); }
.proj-tags { display: flex; gap: 6px; margin-top: 4px; }
.proj-tags em { font-size: 12.5px; padding: 1px 9px; border-radius: 999px; }
.proj-tags em.pi { background: #ecebff; }
.proj-tags em.on { background: #e7f5ef; }

/* Home: research as an index list */
.research-home { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 4fr 7fr; gap: clamp(32px, 6vw, 88px); align-items: start; }
@media (max-width: 900px) { .research-home { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.research-intro { position: sticky; top: calc(var(--header-h) + 32px); }
@media (max-width: 900px) { .research-intro { position: static; } }
.research-intro .lede { margin: 14px 0 22px; }
.area-index-group { font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--muted); padding: 0 0 10px; }
.area-index-group:not(:first-child) { margin-top: 36px; }
.area-row { position: relative; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 220px 1fr 20px; gap: 20px; align-items: baseline; padding: 20px 4px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); transition: padding-left .3s var(--ease); }
#areas-app .area-row:last-child, #areas-method .area-row:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.area-row::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0; width: 3px; background: var(--c); transform: scaleY(0); transition: transform .3s var(--ease); }
.area-row:hover { padding-left: 18px; }
.area-row:hover::before { transform: scaleY(1); }
.area-row .name { font-size: 21px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: -0.025em; }
.area-row .desc { color: var(--muted); font-size: 16px; }
.area-row svg { width: 18px; height: 18px; align-self: center; color: var(--muted); transition: transform .25s var(--ease), color .2s; }
.area-row:hover svg { transform: translateX(4px); color: var(--c); }
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .area-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr 20px; gap: 4px 12px; }
  .area-row .desc { grid-column: 1; }
  .area-row svg { grid-row: 1 / span 2; grid-column: 2; }
}

/* Home: team photo */
.team { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 7fr 5fr; gap: clamp(28px, 5vw, 72px); align-items: center; }
@media (max-width: 900px) { .team { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.team-photo { position: relative; margin: 0; border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; aspect-ratio: 4 / 3; background: var(--paper-2); }
.team-photo img { position: relative; width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; }
.team-photo .pattern { position: absolute; inset: 0; }
.team-photo figcaption { position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; padding: 36px 18px 14px; color: #fff; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; background: linear-gradient(180deg, transparent, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55)); }
.team-photo figcaption:empty, .team-photo.missing figcaption { display: none; }
.team-text .lede { margin: 14px 0 22px; }

/* People: alumni table */
.alumni-head, .alumni li { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.1fr 1fr 1.4fr; gap: 16px; }
.alumni-head { font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; color: var(--muted); padding: 0 0 10px; }
.alumni { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.alumni li { padding: 16px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); align-items: baseline; }
.alumni li:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.alumni .who { font-weight: 700; font-size: 17px; }
.alumni .ko { font-weight: 500; color: var(--muted); font-size: 15px; margin-left: 6px; }
.alumni .was { color: var(--muted); }
.alumni .now { font-weight: 600; }
@media (max-width: 640px) { .alumni-head { display: none; } .alumni li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2px; } }
.team-photo img { z-index: 1; }